Local view for "http://purl.org/linkedpolitics/eu/plenary/2005-09-06-Speech-2-239"

Predicate	Value (sorted: default)
rdf:type	lpv_eu:Speech⁶
dcterms:Date	"2005-09-06"^^xsd:date⁶
dcterms:Is Part Of	lp_eu:Infotund (komisjon)⁶
dcterms:Language	"en"^^xsd:language⁶
lpv:document identification number	"en.20050906.33.2-239"⁶
lpv:hasSubsequent	lp_eu:2005-09-06-Speech-2-240⁶
lpv:speaker	lp:Viviane Reding⁶
lpv:spoken text	". Cookies, adware and spyware and similar types of software are regulated by Article 5(3) of the e-Privacy Directive. Under this provision, accessing any user's terminal equipment, such as a personal computer or a mobile phone, or storing information on that equipment is allowed only if the user is given clear information about the purpose of such activities and if the user is offered the right to refuse it. This is a general rule when such devices are intended for a legitimate purpose, but the situation is different if the purpose is malicious and the intention is to harm a computer system or its user. These forms of malware are clearly banned by the e-Privacy Directive. As is generally the case with European Union directives, the choice of remedies, penalties and enforcement tools lies with the Member States. However, in February 2005, the 25 Member States went beyond the e-Privacy Directive by adopting the Framework Decision on illegal attacks against information systems. Under this Framework Decision, spyware-related activities involving illegal access and interference with information systems are punishable by criminal penalties of no less than one to three years' imprisonment, and of no less than two to five years' imprisonment when committed by organised crime. However, legislation is not enough on its own and may produce the expected results only if it is combined with other measures, such as complementary enforcement measures, industry cooperation, including standardisation research, and better user awareness. As far as enforcement measures are concerned, the EU has a contact network of spam authorities – CNSA that aims to ease enforcement cooperation between national authorities on spam and related issues. The last meeting of this network was mainly devoted to spyware, often spread via spam, and the challenge it represents for enforcement authorities and industry. Spam, spyware and adware are just examples of the many security threats that risk undermining the value of the internet and of electronic communications. The Commission is therefore planning to put forward a strategy for a secure information society that puts together various actions to make electronic communications networks safer from fraudsters, harmful content and technology failures, and to increase trust. Another big step towards improving internet security was taken by the Commission in 2004, when ENISA, the European Network and Information Security Agency, was established. This Agency has already hired its first members of staff and developed its work programme, and, in August 2005 – just a few days ago – it established itself in its headquarters in Heraklion, Greece, and will soon be fully operational. ENISA will help the Community, the Member States and, consequently, business communities to prevent, address and respond to major network and information security risks."@en⁴
lpv:translated text	"Cookies, adware and spyware and similar types of software are regulated by Article 5(3) of the e-Privacy Directive. Under this provision, accessing any user's terminal equipment, such as a personal computer or a mobile phone, or storing information on that equipment is allowed only if the user is given clear information about the purpose of such activities and if the user is offered the right to refuse it. This is a general rule when such devices are intended for a legitimate purpose, but the situation is different if the purpose is malicious and the intention is to harm a computer system or its user. These forms of malware are clearly banned by the e-Privacy Directive. As is generally the case with European Union directives, the choice of remedies, penalties and enforcement tools lies with the Member States. However, in February 2005, the 25 Member States went beyond the e-Privacy Directive by adopting the Framework Decision on illegal attacks against information systems. Under this Framework Decision, spyware-related activities involving illegal access and interference with information systems are punishable by criminal penalties of no less than one to three years' imprisonment, and of no less than two to five years' imprisonment when committed by organised crime. However, legislation is not enough on its own and may produce the expected results only if it is combined with other measures, such as complementary enforcement measures, industry cooperation, including standardisation research, and better user awareness. As far as enforcement measures are concerned, the EU has a contact network of spam authorities – CNSA that aims to ease enforcement cooperation between national authorities on spam and related issues. The last meeting of this network was mainly devoted to spyware, often spread via spam, and the challenge it represents for enforcement authorities and industry. Spam, spyware and adware are just examples of the many security threats that risk undermining the value of the internet and of electronic communications. The Commission is therefore planning to put forward a strategy for a secure information society that puts together various actions to make electronic communications networks safer from fraudsters, harmful content and technology failures, and to increase trust. Another big step towards improving internet security was taken by the Commission in 2004, when ENISA, the European Network and Information Security Agency, was established. This Agency has already hired its first members of staff and developed its work programme, and, in August 2005 – just a few days ago – it established itself in its headquarters in Heraklion, Greece, and will soon be fully operational. ENISA will help the Community, the Member States and, consequently, business communities to prevent, address and respond to major network and information security risks."@cs¹ "Cookies, adware og spyware samt lignende former for software reguleres ved artikel 5, stk. 3, i direktivet om databeskyttelse inden for elektronisk kommunikation. I henhold til denne bestemmelse er det kun tilladt at skaffe sig adgang til en brugers terminaludstyr, såsom en personlig computer eller mobiltelefon, eller lagre oplysninger på dette udstyr, hvis brugeren gives præcise oplysninger om formålet med sådanne aktiviteter og får mulighed for at afvise dem. Dette er hovedreglen, når denne software er beregnet til lovlig brug, men sagen stiller sig anderledes, hvis formålet er ondsindet, og man har til hensigt at skade et computersystem eller dettes bruger. Disse typer af malware er klart forbudt ved direktivet om databeskyttelse inden for elektronisk kommunikation. Som det normalt er tilfældet med EU's direktiver, er det op til medlemsstaterne at vælge afhjælpeforanstaltninger, sanktioner og værktøjer til håndhævelse. Men i februar 2005 gik de 25 medlemsstater videre end direktivet om databeskyttelse inden for elektronisk kommunikation og vedtog rammeafgørelsen om ulovlige angreb på informationssystemer. I henhold til denne rammeafgørelse kan spyware-relaterede aktiviteter, herunder ulovlig adgang til og indblanding i informationssystemer, straffes med ikke mindre end et til tre års fængsel og ikke mindre end to til fem års fængsel, hvis der er tale om organiseret kriminalitet. Men lovgivning er ikke tilstrækkeligt i sig selv og vil kun føre til de forventede resultater, hvis den kombineres med andre foranstaltninger som supplerende håndhævelsesforanstaltninger, branchesamarbejde, herunder forskning i standardisering samt øget bevidsthed hos brugerne. Hvad angår håndhævelsesforanstaltningerne, har EU et kontaktnet af spam-myndigheder - CNSA, der har til opgave at lette samarbejdet om håndhævelse mellem de nationale myndigheder, hvad angår spam og lignende spørgsmål. På det seneste møde i dette netværk beskæftigede man sig hovedsagelig med spyware, som ofte spredes via spam, og den udfordring, dette udgør for de håndhævende myndigheder og branchen. Spam, spyware og adware er blot eksempler på de mange sikkerhedstrusler, der risikerer at undergrave fordelene ved internettet og elektronisk kommunikation. Kommissionen planlægger derfor at fremlægge en strategi for et sikkert informationssamfund, der omfatter forskellige foranstaltninger, der skal sikre de elektroniske kommunikationsnet mod svindel, skadeligt indhold og tekniske fejl samt skabe øget tillid. I 2004 tog Kommissionen et andet stort skridt i retning af at forbedre sikkerheden på internettet gennem oprettelsen af ENISA, Det Europæiske Agentur for Net- og Informationssikkerhed. Agenturet har allerede ansat sine første medarbejdere og udarbejdet sit arbejdsprogram, og i august 2005 - for bare få dage siden - flyttede det ind i sit hovedkvarter i Heraklion i Grækenland, og det vil snart være fuldt operationelt. ENISA vil hjælpe Fællesskabet, medlemsstaterne og dermed erhvervslivet med at forebygge, afhjælpe og reagere på alvorlige risici for netværks- og informationssikkerheden."@da² ". Cookies, Adware (werbefinanzierte Software) und Spyware (Programme zum Ausspionieren im Internet) sowie ähnliche Arten von Software fallen unter Artikel 5 Absatz 3 der Richtlinie über den Schutz der Privatsphäre in der elektronischen Kommunikation. Demzufolge ist der Zugang zum Endgerät eines Nutzers wie beispielsweise zu einem PC oder Mobiltelefon oder die Speicherung von Informationen auf einem solchen Gerät nur dann gestattet, wenn der Nutzer klare Informationen über den Zweck der Verarbeitung erhält und auf das Recht hingewiesen wird, diese zu verweigern. Das gilt allgemein für Programme, die für einen legitimen Zweck bestimmt sind. Ganz anders stellt sich die Situation dar, wenn eine böswillige Absicht verfolgt wird und es darum geht, einem Computersystem oder Nutzer Schaden zuzufügen. Diese Formen der Malware (bösartigen Software) werden durch die genannte Richtlinie eindeutig verboten. Wie dies bei europäischen Richtlinien allgemein üblich ist, liegt die Wahl der Gegenmaßnahmen, Strafen und Durchsetzungsinstrumente im Ermessen der Mitgliedstaaten. Im Februar 2005 gingen die 25 Mitgliedstaaten mit der Annahme des Rahmenbeschlusses über Angriffe auf Informationssysteme noch einen Schritt weiter. Nach diesem Rahmenbeschluss wird der rechtswidrige Zugriff auf und Eingriff in Informationssysteme unter Einsatz von Spyware mit einer Freiheitsstrafe von mindestens einem Jahr und im Höchstfall von drei Jahren geahndet. Werden die Straftaten im Rahmen einer kriminellen Vereinigung begangen, beträgt das Strafmaß mindestens zwei und maximal fünf Jahre Haft. Gesetzliche Regelungen allein reichen jedoch nicht aus. Sie führen möglicherweise erst dann zu den erwarteten Ergebnissen, wenn sie mit anderen Maßnahmen kombiniert werden, zu denen ergänzende Rechtsdurchsetzungsmaßnahmen, die Zusammenarbeit der Branche einschließlich von Untersuchungen zur Standardisierung sowie eine stärkere Sensibilisierung der Nutzer zählen. Was Rechtsdurchsetzungsmaßnahmen betrifft, so verfügt die EU über ein Kontaktnetz der Behörden zur Spambekämpfung (CNSA), mit dem die Zusammenarbeit zwischen den nationalen Strafverfolgungsbehörden im Bereich der Spambekämpfung erleichtert werden soll. Auf der letzten Tagung des Kontaktnetzes ging es vor allem um Spyware, die häufig mittels Spam verbreitet wird, und die Herausforderung, die diese für die Strafverfolgungsbehörden und die Industrie darstellt. Spam, Spyware und Adware sind nur einige Beispiele für die zahlreichen Gefahren, die den Wert und die Sicherheit des Internet und der elektronischen Kommunikation bedrohen. Deshalb hat die Kommission vor, eine Strategie für eine sichere Informationsgesellschaft vorzulegen, die verschiedene Maßnahmen umfassen soll, um elektronische Kommunikationsnetze besser vor Betrügern, schädlichen Inhalten und technischem Versagen zu schützen sowie das Vertrauen zu stärken. Mit der Schaffung der Europäischen Agentur für Netz- und Informationssicherheit ENISA hat die Kommission 2004 einen weiteren Schritt zur Verbesserung der Internetsicherheit unternommen. Die Agentur hat bereits erste Mitarbeiter eingestellt und ein Arbeitsprogramm vorgelegt, und im August 2005, also vor einigen Tagen, hat sie ihr Hauptquartier im griechischen Heraklion bezogen. Sie wird in Kürze voll einsatzbereit sein. ENISA wird der Gemeinschaft, den Mitgliedstaaten und damit der Privatwirtschaft helfen, Risiken für die Netz- und Informationssicherheit zu vermeiden und zu bekämpfen."@de⁹ "Τα το λογισμικό για διαφημίσεις και το κατασκοπευτικό και οι παρόμοιοι τύποι λογισμικού ρυθμίζονται από το άρθρο 5, παράγραφος 3, της οδηγίας . Σύμφωνα με αυτή τη διάταξη, η πρόσβαση στον τερματικό εξοπλισμό οποιουδήποτε χρήστη, όπως είναι ο προσωπικός υπολογιστής ή το κινητό τηλέφωνο, ή η αποθήκευση πληροφοριών στον εξοπλισμό αυτόν επιτρέπεται μόνο αν δοθεί στον χρήστη σαφής πληροφόρηση σχετικά με τον σκοπό αυτής της ενέργειας καθώς και το δικαίωμα να την αρνηθεί. Αυτός είναι ένας γενικός κανόνας όταν τέτοιες συσκευές έχουν νόμιμο σκοπό, αλλά η κατάσταση είναι διαφορετική αν ο σκοπός είναι δόλιος και η πρόθεση είναι να επέλθει ζημία σε ένα σύστημα ηλεκτρονικού υπολογιστή ή στον χρήστη του. Αυτές οι μορφές επιβλαβούς λογισμικού απαγορεύονται σαφώς από την οδηγία . Όπως συμβαίνει γενικά με τις οδηγίες της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, η επιλογή των μέσων αποκατάστασης, των προστίμων και των μέσων επιβολής ανήκει στα κράτη μέλη. Ωστόσο, τον Φεβρουάριο του 2005, τα 25 κράτη μέλη προχώρησαν πέρα από την οδηγία εγκρίνοντας την απόφαση πλαίσιο για τις παράνομες επιθέσεις κατά των πληροφοριακών συστημάτων. Σύμφωνα με την εν λόγω απόφαση πλαίσιο, οι σχετικές με δραστηριότητες κατασκοπευτικού λογισμικού, ενέργειες οι οποίες εμπεριέχουν παράνομη πρόσβαση και ανάμειξη στα πληροφοριακά συστήματα, τιμωρούνται με ποινικές κυρώσεις φυλάκισης τουλάχιστον ενός έως τριών ετών, και φυλάκισης τουλάχιστον δύο ετών όταν διαπράττονται από το οργανωμένο έγκλημα. Ωστόσο, η νομοθεσία δεν είναι από μόνη της αρκετή και μπορεί να αποφέρει τα αναμενόμενα αποτελέσματα μόνο αν συνδυαστεί με άλλα μέτρα, όπως συμπληρωματικά μέτρα επιβολής, η συνεργασία της βιομηχανίας, περιλαμβανομένης της έρευνας τυποποίησης, και η μεγαλύτερη ευαισθητοποίηση των χρηστών. Όσον αφορά τα μέτρα επιβολής, η ΕΕ διαθέτει ένα δίκτυο επαφών στο οποίο μετέχουν οι αρχές που είναι αρμόδιες για το spam – το CNSA στόχος του οποίου είναι η διευκόλυνση της συνεργασίας αστυνόμευσης μεταξύ των εθνικών αρχών σχετικά με το spam και τα σχετικά θέματα. Η τελευταία συνάντηση αυτού του δικτύου αφιερώθηκε κυρίως στο κατασκοπευτικό λογισμικό, το οποίο διαχέεται συχνά μέσω spam, και η πρόκληση που αυτό αποτελεί για τις αρχές αστυνόμευσης και τη βιομηχανία. Το spam, το κατασκοπευτικό λογισμικό και το διαφημιστικό λογισμικό αποτελούν απλώς παραδείγματα των πολλών απειλών κατά της ασφάλειας που θέτουν σε κίνδυνο την αξία του Διαδικτύου και των ηλεκτρονικών επικοινωνιών. Η Επιτροπή σχεδιάζει, συνεπώς, να προωθήσει μια στρατηγική για μια ασφαλή κοινωνία της πληροφορίας, η οποία να συνδυάζει διάφορες δράσεις ώστε να καταστήσει τις ηλεκτρονικές επικοινωνίες ασφαλέστερες έναντι των απατεώνων, του επιβλαβούς περιεχομένου και των αδυναμιών της τεχνολογίας και να αυξήσει την εμπιστοσύνη. Η Επιτροπή έκανε το 2004 ένα άλλο μεγάλο βήμα προς τη βελτίωση της ασφάλειας του Διαδικτύου, όταν δημιουργήθηκε ο ENISA, Ευρωπαϊκός Οργανισμός για την Ασφάλεια Δικτύων και Πληροφοριών. Ο οργανισμός αυτός έχει ήδη προσλάβει τα πρώτα μέλη του προσωπικού του και έχει αναπτύξει το πρόγραμμα εργασίας του και, τον Αύγουστο του 2005 –μόλις πριν από λίγες ημέρες– εγκαταστάθηκε στα κεντρικά γραφεία του στο Ηράκλειο, στην Ελλάδα, και σύντομα θα είναι σε πλήρη λειτουργία. Ο ENISA θα βοηθήσει την Κοινότητα, τα κράτη μέλη και, συνεπώς, τις επιχειρηματικές κοινότητες να προλαμβάνουν, να αντιμετωπίζουν και να αντιδρούν στους μεγάλους κινδύνους που απειλούν την ασφάλεια των δικτύων και της πληροφορίας."@el¹⁰ "Los y otros programas informáticos similares se rigen por lo dispuesto en el apartado 3 del artículo 5 de la Directiva sobre la privacidad y las comunicaciones electrónicas. Según esta disposición, el acceso a cualquier terminal de usuario, como un ordenador personal o un teléfono móvil, y el almacenamiento de información en ese equipo solo están permitidos si el usuario recibe información precisa sobre el propósito de tales actividades y si se le ofrece el derecho a rechazarlo. Es una norma general que se aplica cuando el uso de dichos dispositivos tiene un fin legítimo, pero la situación cambia si el fin es malicioso y se pretende dañar un sistema informático o perjudicar a su usuario. Estas formas de abuso electrónico están claramente prohibidas por la Directiva sobre la privacidad y las comunicaciones electrónicas. Como sucede en general con las directivas de la Unión Europea, la elección de los recursos, sanciones e instrumentos de ejecución se deja en manos de los Estados miembros. Sin embargo, en febrero de 2005 los 25 Estados miembros fueron más allá de la Directiva sobre la privacidad y las comunicaciones electrónicas al aprobar la Decisión Marco sobre ataques ilícitos contra sistemas informáticos. Con arreglo a esta Decisión Marco, las actividades de espionaje informático que impliquen el acceso ilícito y la interferencia en sistemas informáticos son objeto de sanción penal con no menos de tres años de privación de libertad, y no menos de cinco si se cometen por organizaciones criminales. Sin embargo, la legislación no basta por sí sola: para que dé resultado es necesario que venga acompañada de otras medidas, como medidas de ejecución complementarias, la cooperación con la industria, inclusive estudios de normalización y una mayor conciencia por parte de los usuarios. En lo que respecta a las medidas de ejecución, la UE tiene una red de contacto de autoridades antispam (CNSA), destinada a facilitar la cooperación entre los organismos nacionales competentes sobre el «correo basura» y cuestiones asociadas. La última reunión de esta red se dedicó principalmente al espionaje, difundido a menudo mediante «correos basura», y el reto que supone para las autoridades competentes y la industria. y son meros ejemplos de las muchas amenazas para la seguridad que socavan la utilidad de Internet y de las comunicaciones electrónicas. Por eso, la Comisión se propone impulsar una estrategia a favor de una sociedad de la información segura, que reúna diversas actuaciones a fin de proteger las redes de comunicación electrónica frente al fraude, el contenido dañino y los fallos tecnológicos, y para incrementar la confianza de los usuarios. Otro gran paso hacia la mejora de la seguridad en Internet fue el establecimiento por la Comisión en 2004 de la ENISA, Agencia Europa de Seguridad de las Redes y de la Información. Esta Agencia ya ha contratado a los primeros miembros de su plantilla y ha desarrollado su programa de trabajo, y hace tan solo unos días, en agosto de 2005, ha establecido su sede en Heraclio, Grecia, con lo que pronto estará en plena actividad. La ENISA ayudará a la Comunidad, a los Estados miembros y, por ende, a los sectores económicos a evitar, afrontar y responder a los grandes riesgos para la seguridad de las redes y de la información."@es^20,20 "Cookies, adware and spyware and similar types of software are regulated by Article 5(3) of the e-Privacy Directive. Under this provision, accessing any user's terminal equipment, such as a personal computer or a mobile phone, or storing information on that equipment is allowed only if the user is given clear information about the purpose of such activities and if the user is offered the right to refuse it. This is a general rule when such devices are intended for a legitimate purpose, but the situation is different if the purpose is malicious and the intention is to harm a computer system or its user. These forms of malware are clearly banned by the e-Privacy Directive. As is generally the case with European Union directives, the choice of remedies, penalties and enforcement tools lies with the Member States. However, in February 2005, the 25 Member States went beyond the e-Privacy Directive by adopting the Framework Decision on illegal attacks against information systems. Under this Framework Decision, spyware-related activities involving illegal access and interference with information systems are punishable by criminal penalties of no less than one to three years' imprisonment, and of no less than two to five years' imprisonment when committed by organised crime. However, legislation is not enough on its own and may produce the expected results only if it is combined with other measures, such as complementary enforcement measures, industry cooperation, including standardisation research, and better user awareness. As far as enforcement measures are concerned, the EU has a contact network of spam authorities – CNSA that aims to ease enforcement cooperation between national authorities on spam and related issues. The last meeting of this network was mainly devoted to spyware, often spread via spam, and the challenge it represents for enforcement authorities and industry. Spam, spyware and adware are just examples of the many security threats that risk undermining the value of the internet and of electronic communications. The Commission is therefore planning to put forward a strategy for a secure information society that puts together various actions to make electronic communications networks safer from fraudsters, harmful content and technology failures, and to increase trust. Another big step towards improving internet security was taken by the Commission in 2004, when ENISA, the European Network and Information Security Agency, was established. This Agency has already hired its first members of staff and developed its work programme, and, in August 2005 – just a few days ago – it established itself in its headquarters in Heraklion, Greece, and will soon be fully operational. ENISA will help the Community, the Member States and, consequently, business communities to prevent, address and respond to major network and information security risks."@et⁵ "Evästeistä, mainosohjelmista, vakoiluohjelmista ja vastaavista ohjelmista säädetään sähköisen viestinnän tietosuojadirektiivin 5 artiklan 3 kohdassa. Kyseisen säännöksen nojalla käyttäjän päätelaitteen, kuten henkilökohtaisen tietokoneen tai matkapuhelimen, käyttäminen tai tietojen tallentaminen näihin laitteisiin sallitaan ainoastaan, jos käyttäjälle annetaan selkeät tiedot käytön tarkoituksesta ja oikeus kieltää käyttö. Tätä yleissääntöä sovelletaan, kun laitteita käytetään laillisiin tarkoituksiin, mutta tilanne on toinen, jos käytön tarkoituksena on tehdä ilkivaltaa tai vahingoittaa tietokonejärjestelmää tai sen käyttäjää. Tämänkaltaiset haittaohjelmat kielletään selkeästi sähköisen viestinnän tietosuojadirektiivissä. Kuten yleensä Euroopan unionin direktiivien kohdalla, tässäkin jäsenvaltioiden tehtävänä on valita keinot, seuraamukset ja täytäntöönpanovälineet. Vuoden 2005 helmikuussa 25 jäsenvaltiota kuitenkin meni asiassa direktiiviä pidemmälle tehdessään puitepäätöksen tietojärjestelmiin kohdistuvista hyökkäyksistä. Puitepäätöksen nojalla vakoiluun liittyvistä toimista, jotka käsittävät laittoman tunkeutumisen tietojärjestelmiin ja niiden laittoman häirinnän, voidaan määrätä rikosoikeudellisena seuraamuksena enimmillään vähintään yhdestä kolmeen vuotta vankeutta ja, kun teko liittyy järjestäytyneeseen rikollisuuteen, enimmillään vähintään kahdesta viiteen vuoteen vankeutta. Lainsäädäntö ei kuitenkaan yksinään riitä, ja sillä päästään toivottuihin tuloksiin ainoastaan, jos sen ohella toteutetaan muita toimenpiteitä, kuten täydentäviä täytäntöönpanotoimia, tietotekniikkateollisuuden yhteistyötoimia, mukaan lukien standardointitutkimus, ja käyttäjille suunnatun tiedottamisen lisäämistä. Täytäntöönpanotoimien osalta EU:lla on roskapostin valvonnasta vastaava viranomaisten yhteysverkosto CNSA, jonka tavoitteena on edistää kansallisten viranomaisten välistä yhteistyötä roskapostin torjunnassa ja muilla siihen liittyvillä aloilla. Verkoston viime tapaamisessa käsiteltiin lähes pelkästään vakoiluohjelmia, joita levitetään usein roskapostin kautta, sekä niiden tietotekniikkateollisuudelle ja viranomaisille muodostamaa haastetta. Roskaposti sekä vakoilu- ja mainosohjelmat ovat vain esimerkkejä lukuisista turvallisuusriskeistä, jotka uhkaavat heikentää Internetin ja sähköisen viestinnän arvoa. Komissio aikoo tämän vuoksi esittää turvallisen tietoyhteiskunnan strategian, johon sisältyy useita toimia, joilla lisätään sähköisen viestinnän verkkojen turvallisuutta torjumalla huijareita, haitallista sisältöä ja teknisiä ongelmia sekä vahvistetaan luottamusta. Vuonna 2004 komissio otti toisen merkittävän askeleen Internetin turvallisuuden parantamiseksi perustamalla ENISAn, Euroopan verkko- ja tietoturvaviraston. Virasto on jo palkannut ensimmäiset työntekijänsä ja laatinut työohjelman, ja viraston päämaja perustettiin elokuussa 2005 – aivan äskettäin – Iraklioniin Kreikkaan. Päämajan on tarkoitus aloittaa täysimääräinen toiminta pian. ENISA auttaa yhteisöjä, jäsenvaltioita ja näin ollen yritysyhteisöjä ehkäisemään merkittäviä verkko- ja tietoturvariskejä sekä puuttumaan ja vastaamaan niihin."@fi⁷ ". Les cookies, logiciels publicitaires, logiciels espions et types similaires de logiciels sont réglementés par l’article 5, paragraphe 3, de la directive sur la protection de la vie privée. Selon cette disposition, l’accès à l’équipement terminal de tout utilisateur, tel qu’un ordinateur personnel ou un téléphone portable, ou le stockage d’informations sur cet équipement sont autorisés uniquement si des informations claires sur les buts de telles activités sont fournies à l’utilisateur et si la possibilité de les refuser est laissée à celui-ci. C’est la règle générale lorsque de tels systèmes sont conçus à des fins licites, mais la situation est différente si l’intention est malveillante et s’il y a volonté de nuire à un système informatique ou à son utilisateur. Ces formes de logiciels malveillants sont clairement interdites par la directive sur la protection de la vie privée. Comme c’est généralement le cas pour les directives de l’Union européenne, le choix des solutions, sanctions et outils de mise en application incombe aux États membres. Toutefois, en février 2005, les 25 États membres sont allés au-delà de la directive sur la protection de la vie privée en adoptant la décision-cadre relative aux attaques visant les systèmes d’information. Selon cette décision-cadre, les activités liées à des logiciels espions impliquant un accès illégal aux systèmes d’information et une interférence illégale avec ceux-ci sont passibles de sanctions pénales d’un an à trois ans d’emprisonnement et de deux à cinq ans d’emprisonnement quand ces actes relèvent du crime organisé. Toutefois, la législation à elle seule ne suffit pas et ne peut produire les résultats escomptés que si elle est associée à d’autres mesures, comme des mesures complémentaires de mise en application, de coopération industrielle, y compris la recherche en matière de normalisation, et l’amélioration de la sensibilisation des utilisateurs. En ce qui concerne les mesures de mise en application, l’UE dispose d’un réseau de contact avec des autorités luttant contre les courriers électroniques non sollicités - le CNSA - qui a pour but de faciliter la coopération entre autorités nationales en matière de mise en application des mesures visant à éliminer ces courriers et de questions afférentes. La dernière réunion de ce réseau a été consacrée principalement aux logiciels espions, souvent diffusés via les courriers non sollicités, et au défi qu’ils représentent pour les autorités de mise en application et pour l’industrie. Les courriers électroniques non sollicités, les logiciels espions et les logiciels publicitaires ne sont que quelques exemples des nombreuses menaces sécuritaires qui pèsent sur la valeur de l’internet et des communications électroniques. La Commission envisage donc de mettre en œuvre une stratégie en faveur d’une société de l’information sécurisée; cette stratégie comprendra plusieurs actions visant à protéger les réseaux de communications électroniques contre les fraudeurs, les contenus dangereux et les défaillances technologiques, et à augmenter la confiance. Une autre démarche importante pour l’amélioration de la sécurité sur l’internet a été entreprise par la Commission en 2004: la création de l’ENISA, l’Agence européenne chargée de la sécurité des réseaux et de l’information. Cette agence dispose déjà d’un effectif de quelques personnes, elle a défini son programme travail et, en août 2005 - il y a à peine quelques jours - elle s’est installée dans ses locaux d’Héraklion (Grèce); elle sera entièrement opérationnelle prochainement. L’ENISA aidera la Communauté, les États membres et, en conséquence, les communautés économiques à prévenir, traiter et gérer les risques majeurs qui menacent la sécurité des réseaux et des informations."@fr⁸ "Cookies, adware and spyware and similar types of software are regulated by Article 5(3) of the e-Privacy Directive. Under this provision, accessing any user's terminal equipment, such as a personal computer or a mobile phone, or storing information on that equipment is allowed only if the user is given clear information about the purpose of such activities and if the user is offered the right to refuse it. This is a general rule when such devices are intended for a legitimate purpose, but the situation is different if the purpose is malicious and the intention is to harm a computer system or its user. These forms of malware are clearly banned by the e-Privacy Directive. As is generally the case with European Union directives, the choice of remedies, penalties and enforcement tools lies with the Member States. However, in February 2005, the 25 Member States went beyond the e-Privacy Directive by adopting the Framework Decision on illegal attacks against information systems. Under this Framework Decision, spyware-related activities involving illegal access and interference with information systems are punishable by criminal penalties of no less than one to three years' imprisonment, and of no less than two to five years' imprisonment when committed by organised crime. However, legislation is not enough on its own and may produce the expected results only if it is combined with other measures, such as complementary enforcement measures, industry cooperation, including standardisation research, and better user awareness. As far as enforcement measures are concerned, the EU has a contact network of spam authorities – CNSA that aims to ease enforcement cooperation between national authorities on spam and related issues. The last meeting of this network was mainly devoted to spyware, often spread via spam, and the challenge it represents for enforcement authorities and industry. Spam, spyware and adware are just examples of the many security threats that risk undermining the value of the internet and of electronic communications. The Commission is therefore planning to put forward a strategy for a secure information society that puts together various actions to make electronic communications networks safer from fraudsters, harmful content and technology failures, and to increase trust. Another big step towards improving internet security was taken by the Commission in 2004, when ENISA, the European Network and Information Security Agency, was established. This Agency has already hired its first members of staff and developed its work programme, and, in August 2005 – just a few days ago – it established itself in its headquarters in Heraklion, Greece, and will soon be fully operational. ENISA will help the Community, the Member States and, consequently, business communities to prevent, address and respond to major network and information security risks."@hu¹¹ "e analoghe tipologie di sono disciplinate dall’articolo 5, paragrafo 3, della direttiva sulla elettronica. In base a questa disposizione l’accesso all’apparecchio terminale di qualsiasi utente, come un PC o un telefono cellulare, o l’archiviazione di dati su detta attrezzatura sono ammessi solo se l’utente è stato informato in modo chiaro sugli scopi di tali attività e se gli viene offerta la possibilità di negare il proprio consenso. Questa è la regola generale quando la finalità con cui vengono utilizzati questi dispositivi è legittima, ma la situazione è diversa se gli scopi sono illeciti e l’intenzione è quella di danneggiare un sistema informatico o il suo utente. Queste forme di sono chiaramente vietate dalla direttiva sulla elettronica. Come avviene generalmente per le direttive dell’Unione, spetta agli Stati membri la scelta di provvedimenti, sanzioni e strumenti per far rispettare le norme. Tuttavia, nel febbraio 2005, i 25 Stati membri sono andati oltre la direttiva sulla elettronica adottando la decisione quadro sugli attacchi illegali contro i sistemi informatici, in base alla quale le attività legate allo che comportino l’accesso illegale e l’interferenza nei confronti di sistemi informatici sono punibili con sanzioni penali che vanno da uno a tre anni di reclusione e, nel caso in cui il reato venga commesso dalla criminalità organizzata, da due a cinque anni di reclusione. Tuttavia, la sola attività legislativa non basta e può produrre i risultati sperati soltanto se combinata con altri provvedimenti come misure applicative complementari, una cooperazione tra imprese che comprenda la ricerca sulla standardizzazione e una migliore sensibilizzazione degli utenti. Per quanto riguarda le misure d’applicazione delle norme, l’Unione si avvale d’una rete di contatto delle autorità CNSA – che mira ad agevolare la cooperazione nell’ambito dell’esecuzione della normativa tra le autorità nazionali relativamente allo e alle questioni che lo riguardano. L’ultima riunione di questa rete è stata dedicata principalmente allo spesso diffuso tramite e alla sfida che esso rappresenta per il settore e per le autorità preposte ad assicurare il rispetto delle normative. e sono soltanto esempi delle numerose minacce alla sicurezza che rischiano di pregiudicare l’utilità di e delle comunicazioni elettroniche. Pertanto la Commissione intende formulare una strategia per una società dell’informazione sicura che combini diverse azioni volte a rendere le reti di comunicazione elettronica più sicure dall’azione dei truffatori, dai contenuti dannosi e dai malfunzionamenti, nonché ad aumentare la fiducia. La Commissione ha compiuto un altro grande passo verso il miglioramento della sicurezza di nel 2004, quando è stata istituita ENISA, l’Agenzia europea per la sicurezza delle reti e dell’informazione. Quest’Agenzia ha già assunto i suoi primi dipendenti e sviluppato il suo programma di lavoro. Inoltre, nell’agosto 2005 – proprio qualche giorno fa – si è stabilita nella propria sede centrale di Heraklion, in Grecia, e presto diverrà pienamente operativa. ENISA aiuterà la Comunità, gli Stati membri e, di conseguenza, le comunità imprenditoriali a prevenire, contrastare e affrontare i rischi principali cui è soggetta la sicurezza delle reti e dell’informazione."@it¹² "Cookies, adware and spyware and similar types of software are regulated by Article 5(3) of the e-Privacy Directive. Under this provision, accessing any user's terminal equipment, such as a personal computer or a mobile phone, or storing information on that equipment is allowed only if the user is given clear information about the purpose of such activities and if the user is offered the right to refuse it. This is a general rule when such devices are intended for a legitimate purpose, but the situation is different if the purpose is malicious and the intention is to harm a computer system or its user. These forms of malware are clearly banned by the e-Privacy Directive. As is generally the case with European Union directives, the choice of remedies, penalties and enforcement tools lies with the Member States. However, in February 2005, the 25 Member States went beyond the e-Privacy Directive by adopting the Framework Decision on illegal attacks against information systems. Under this Framework Decision, spyware-related activities involving illegal access and interference with information systems are punishable by criminal penalties of no less than one to three years' imprisonment, and of no less than two to five years' imprisonment when committed by organised crime. However, legislation is not enough on its own and may produce the expected results only if it is combined with other measures, such as complementary enforcement measures, industry cooperation, including standardisation research, and better user awareness. As far as enforcement measures are concerned, the EU has a contact network of spam authorities – CNSA that aims to ease enforcement cooperation between national authorities on spam and related issues. The last meeting of this network was mainly devoted to spyware, often spread via spam, and the challenge it represents for enforcement authorities and industry. Spam, spyware and adware are just examples of the many security threats that risk undermining the value of the internet and of electronic communications. The Commission is therefore planning to put forward a strategy for a secure information society that puts together various actions to make electronic communications networks safer from fraudsters, harmful content and technology failures, and to increase trust. Another big step towards improving internet security was taken by the Commission in 2004, when ENISA, the European Network and Information Security Agency, was established. This Agency has already hired its first members of staff and developed its work programme, and, in August 2005 – just a few days ago – it established itself in its headquarters in Heraklion, Greece, and will soon be fully operational. ENISA will help the Community, the Member States and, consequently, business communities to prevent, address and respond to major network and information security risks."@lt¹⁴ "Cookies, adware and spyware and similar types of software are regulated by Article 5(3) of the e-Privacy Directive. Under this provision, accessing any user's terminal equipment, such as a personal computer or a mobile phone, or storing information on that equipment is allowed only if the user is given clear information about the purpose of such activities and if the user is offered the right to refuse it. This is a general rule when such devices are intended for a legitimate purpose, but the situation is different if the purpose is malicious and the intention is to harm a computer system or its user. These forms of malware are clearly banned by the e-Privacy Directive. As is generally the case with European Union directives, the choice of remedies, penalties and enforcement tools lies with the Member States. However, in February 2005, the 25 Member States went beyond the e-Privacy Directive by adopting the Framework Decision on illegal attacks against information systems. Under this Framework Decision, spyware-related activities involving illegal access and interference with information systems are punishable by criminal penalties of no less than one to three years' imprisonment, and of no less than two to five years' imprisonment when committed by organised crime. However, legislation is not enough on its own and may produce the expected results only if it is combined with other measures, such as complementary enforcement measures, industry cooperation, including standardisation research, and better user awareness. As far as enforcement measures are concerned, the EU has a contact network of spam authorities – CNSA that aims to ease enforcement cooperation between national authorities on spam and related issues. The last meeting of this network was mainly devoted to spyware, often spread via spam, and the challenge it represents for enforcement authorities and industry. Spam, spyware and adware are just examples of the many security threats that risk undermining the value of the internet and of electronic communications. The Commission is therefore planning to put forward a strategy for a secure information society that puts together various actions to make electronic communications networks safer from fraudsters, harmful content and technology failures, and to increase trust. Another big step towards improving internet security was taken by the Commission in 2004, when ENISA, the European Network and Information Security Agency, was established. This Agency has already hired its first members of staff and developed its work programme, and, in August 2005 – just a few days ago – it established itself in its headquarters in Heraklion, Greece, and will soon be fully operational. ENISA will help the Community, the Member States and, consequently, business communities to prevent, address and respond to major network and information security risks."@lv¹³ "Cookies, adware and spyware and similar types of software are regulated by Article 5(3) of the e-Privacy Directive. Under this provision, accessing any user's terminal equipment, such as a personal computer or a mobile phone, or storing information on that equipment is allowed only if the user is given clear information about the purpose of such activities and if the user is offered the right to refuse it. This is a general rule when such devices are intended for a legitimate purpose, but the situation is different if the purpose is malicious and the intention is to harm a computer system or its user. These forms of malware are clearly banned by the e-Privacy Directive. As is generally the case with European Union directives, the choice of remedies, penalties and enforcement tools lies with the Member States. However, in February 2005, the 25 Member States went beyond the e-Privacy Directive by adopting the Framework Decision on illegal attacks against information systems. Under this Framework Decision, spyware-related activities involving illegal access and interference with information systems are punishable by criminal penalties of no less than one to three years' imprisonment, and of no less than two to five years' imprisonment when committed by organised crime. However, legislation is not enough on its own and may produce the expected results only if it is combined with other measures, such as complementary enforcement measures, industry cooperation, including standardisation research, and better user awareness. As far as enforcement measures are concerned, the EU has a contact network of spam authorities – CNSA that aims to ease enforcement cooperation between national authorities on spam and related issues. The last meeting of this network was mainly devoted to spyware, often spread via spam, and the challenge it represents for enforcement authorities and industry. Spam, spyware and adware are just examples of the many security threats that risk undermining the value of the internet and of electronic communications. The Commission is therefore planning to put forward a strategy for a secure information society that puts together various actions to make electronic communications networks safer from fraudsters, harmful content and technology failures, and to increase trust. Another big step towards improving internet security was taken by the Commission in 2004, when ENISA, the European Network and Information Security Agency, was established. This Agency has already hired its first members of staff and developed its work programme, and, in August 2005 – just a few days ago – it established itself in its headquarters in Heraklion, Greece, and will soon be fully operational. ENISA will help the Community, the Member States and, consequently, business communities to prevent, address and respond to major network and information security risks."@mt¹⁵ "De regelgeving voor cookies, adware, spyware en soortgelijke software is vastgelegd in artikel 5, lid 3 van de richtlijn betreffende privacy en elektronische communicatie. Krachtens deze bepaling is toegang tot de eindapparatuur – een pc of een mobiele telefoon – van een gebruiker of opslag van informatie hierop alleen toegestaan indien de gebruiker met duidelijke informatie op de hoogte gesteld wordt van de doeleinden van dergelijke activiteiten, en indien de gebruiker het recht krijgt dit te weigeren. Dat is de algemene regel wanneer met dergelijke programmatuur legitieme doeleinden worden beoogd, maar de situatie ligt anders in geval van een kwaadwillig doeleinde, waarbij men de intentie heeft een computersysteem of de gebruiker ervan schade te berokkenen. Deze vormen van kwaadaardige software worden door de richtlijn betreffende privacy en elektronische communicatie uitdrukkelijk verboden. Zoals meestal het geval is bij EU-richtlijnen, is de keuze voor rechtsmiddelen, straffen en handhavingsinstrumenten aan de lidstaten. In februari 2005 echter hebben de 25 lidstaten een stap verder gezet ten opzichte van de richtlijn betreffende privacy en elektronische communicatie, door middel van het kaderbesluit over aanvallen op informatiesystemen. Krachtens dit kaderbesluit zijn de onrechtmatige toegang tot of verstoring van informatiesystemen met behulp van spyware strafbaar, met strafrechtelijke sancties van niet minder dan één tot drie jaar gevangenisstraf, en niet minder dan twee tot vijf jaar als de feiten gepleegd zijn door een criminele organisatie. Wetgeving alleen is echter niet afdoende; voor het bereiken van de verwachte resultaten dient deze te worden gecombineerd met andere maatregelen, zoals aanvullende handhavingsmaatregelen, samenwerking met de bedrijfstak, onder andere middels onderzoek naar normalisering, en betere bewustmaking van gebruikers. Voor wat betreft de handhavingsmaatregelen heeft de EU een netwerk van contactpunten van de voor spam bevoegde autoriteiten, CNSA, dat beoogt de nationale autoriteiten die zich met spam en aanverwante onderwerpen bezighouden soepeler te laten samenwerken bij de handhaving. De meest recente vergadering van dit netwerk was hoofdzakelijk gewijd aan spyware en de uitdaging die deze software, die dikwijls via spam wordt verspreid, vormt voor de handhavingsautoriteiten en de bedrijfstak. Spam, spyware en adware zijn slechts voorbeelden van de vele bedreigingen van de veiligheid die de waarde van internet en elektronische communicatie dreigen te ondermijnen. De Commissie is dan ook voornemens een strategie voor te stellen voor een veilige informatiemaatschappij, waarin acties worden gebundeld om elektronische communicatienetwerken veiliger te maken door ze te vrijwaren van fraudeurs, schadelijke inhoud en technische storingen, en het vertrouwen te vergroten. In 2004 nam de Commissie een verdere grote stap ten behoeve van de verbetering van de internetveiligheid in de vorm van de oprichting van het ENISA, het Europees Agentschap voor netwerk- en informatiebeveiliging. Dit agentschap heeft inmiddels de eerste medewerkers aangetrokken en een werkprogramma opgesteld. In augustus 2005 – nog maar enkele dagen geleden dus – heeft het zijn hoofdkwartier betrokken te Heraklion in Griekenland en het zal weldra volledig operationeel zijn. Het ENISA zal de gemeenschap, de lidstaten en dus ook het bedrijfsleven bijstaan bij het voorkomen en aanpakken van en reageren op grote risico’s op het gebied van netwerk- en informatiebeveiliging."@nl³ "Cookies, adware and spyware and similar types of software are regulated by Article 5(3) of the e-Privacy Directive. Under this provision, accessing any user's terminal equipment, such as a personal computer or a mobile phone, or storing information on that equipment is allowed only if the user is given clear information about the purpose of such activities and if the user is offered the right to refuse it. This is a general rule when such devices are intended for a legitimate purpose, but the situation is different if the purpose is malicious and the intention is to harm a computer system or its user. These forms of malware are clearly banned by the e-Privacy Directive. As is generally the case with European Union directives, the choice of remedies, penalties and enforcement tools lies with the Member States. However, in February 2005, the 25 Member States went beyond the e-Privacy Directive by adopting the Framework Decision on illegal attacks against information systems. Under this Framework Decision, spyware-related activities involving illegal access and interference with information systems are punishable by criminal penalties of no less than one to three years' imprisonment, and of no less than two to five years' imprisonment when committed by organised crime. However, legislation is not enough on its own and may produce the expected results only if it is combined with other measures, such as complementary enforcement measures, industry cooperation, including standardisation research, and better user awareness. As far as enforcement measures are concerned, the EU has a contact network of spam authorities – CNSA that aims to ease enforcement cooperation between national authorities on spam and related issues. The last meeting of this network was mainly devoted to spyware, often spread via spam, and the challenge it represents for enforcement authorities and industry. Spam, spyware and adware are just examples of the many security threats that risk undermining the value of the internet and of electronic communications. The Commission is therefore planning to put forward a strategy for a secure information society that puts together various actions to make electronic communications networks safer from fraudsters, harmful content and technology failures, and to increase trust. Another big step towards improving internet security was taken by the Commission in 2004, when ENISA, the European Network and Information Security Agency, was established. This Agency has already hired its first members of staff and developed its work programme, and, in August 2005 – just a few days ago – it established itself in its headquarters in Heraklion, Greece, and will soon be fully operational. ENISA will help the Community, the Member States and, consequently, business communities to prevent, address and respond to major network and information security risks."@pl¹⁶ "Os o e outros tipos de semelhantes são regulados pelo nº 3 do artigo 5º da Directiva relativa à privacidade das comunicações electrónicas. Nos termos desta disposição, o acesso à informação armazenada no equipamento terminal de um utilizador, tal como um computador pessoal ou um telemóvel, só será permitido na condição de serem fornecidas ao assinante ou ao utilizador em causa informações claras e completas sobre os objectivos do processamento e de lhe ter sido dado o direito de recusar esse processamento. É uma regra geral que se aplica quando estes dispositivos se destinam a utilizações legítimas, mas a situação é diferente se o objectivo for malicioso e a intenção for danificar um sistema informático ou prejudicar o seu utilizador. Estas formas de são claramente proibidas pela directiva relativa à privacidade das comunicações electrónicas. Tal como é geralmente o caso nas directivas da União Europeia, a escolha das medidas correctivas, das penalidades e dos instrumentos de execução compete aos Estados-Membros. Porém, em Fevereiro de 2005 os 25 Estados-Membros foram além da Directiva relativa à privacidade das comunicações electrónicas, adoptando a Decisão-quadro relativa a ataques contra os sistemas de informação. Nos termos desta Decisão-quadro, as actividades relacionadas com que implicam o acesso ilegal e a interferência em sistemas de informação são puníveis como infracções penais com uma pena privativa de liberdade com duração máxima de um a três anos, ou com duração máxima de dois a cinco anos quando forem praticadas no âmbito de uma organização criminosa. Contudo, a legislação por si mesma não é suficiente e só poderá surtir os resultados esperados se for combinada com outras medidas, tais como medidas de execução complementares, a cooperação do sector, incluindo a investigação sobre normalização, e a promoção da sensibilização dos utilizadores. No que se refere às medidas de execução, a UE dispõe de uma rede de contacto entre autoridades anti a CNSA, destinada a facilitar a cooperação entre as autoridades nacionais competentes no que se refere ao e a questões relacionadas. A última reunião desta rede foi dedicada quase exclusivamente ao que é disseminado com frequência através do e aos desafios que coloca às autoridades de execução e ao sector. O o e o são apenas alguns exemplos das muitas ameaças de segurança que podem comprometer a validade da Internet e das comunicações electrónicas. A Comissão tenciona, portanto, propor uma estratégia para uma sociedade de informação segura que inclui várias medidas destinadas a garantir a segurança das redes de comunicações electrónicas contra ataques, conteúdos nocivos e falhas tecnológicas e a aumentar a confiança. A Comissão tomou em 2004 uma outra medida importante de melhoria da segurança da Internet, com a criação da ENISA, a Agência Europeia para a Segurança das Redes e da Informação. A Agência contratou já os seus primeiros funcionários e elaborou o seu programa de trabalho; há poucos dias, em Agosto de 2005, instalou-se na sua sede, em Heraklion, na Grécia, e em breve estará plenamente operacional. A ENISA ajudará a Comunidade, os Estados-Membros e, portanto, as comunidades empresariais a prevenir, abordar e dar resposta aos principais riscos de segurança das redes e da informação."@pt¹⁷ "Cookies, adware and spyware and similar types of software are regulated by Article 5(3) of the e-Privacy Directive. Under this provision, accessing any user's terminal equipment, such as a personal computer or a mobile phone, or storing information on that equipment is allowed only if the user is given clear information about the purpose of such activities and if the user is offered the right to refuse it. This is a general rule when such devices are intended for a legitimate purpose, but the situation is different if the purpose is malicious and the intention is to harm a computer system or its user. These forms of malware are clearly banned by the e-Privacy Directive. As is generally the case with European Union directives, the choice of remedies, penalties and enforcement tools lies with the Member States. However, in February 2005, the 25 Member States went beyond the e-Privacy Directive by adopting the Framework Decision on illegal attacks against information systems. Under this Framework Decision, spyware-related activities involving illegal access and interference with information systems are punishable by criminal penalties of no less than one to three years' imprisonment, and of no less than two to five years' imprisonment when committed by organised crime. However, legislation is not enough on its own and may produce the expected results only if it is combined with other measures, such as complementary enforcement measures, industry cooperation, including standardisation research, and better user awareness. As far as enforcement measures are concerned, the EU has a contact network of spam authorities – CNSA that aims to ease enforcement cooperation between national authorities on spam and related issues. The last meeting of this network was mainly devoted to spyware, often spread via spam, and the challenge it represents for enforcement authorities and industry. Spam, spyware and adware are just examples of the many security threats that risk undermining the value of the internet and of electronic communications. The Commission is therefore planning to put forward a strategy for a secure information society that puts together various actions to make electronic communications networks safer from fraudsters, harmful content and technology failures, and to increase trust. Another big step towards improving internet security was taken by the Commission in 2004, when ENISA, the European Network and Information Security Agency, was established. This Agency has already hired its first members of staff and developed its work programme, and, in August 2005 – just a few days ago – it established itself in its headquarters in Heraklion, Greece, and will soon be fully operational. ENISA will help the Community, the Member States and, consequently, business communities to prevent, address and respond to major network and information security risks."@sk¹⁸ "Cookies, adware and spyware and similar types of software are regulated by Article 5(3) of the e-Privacy Directive. Under this provision, accessing any user's terminal equipment, such as a personal computer or a mobile phone, or storing information on that equipment is allowed only if the user is given clear information about the purpose of such activities and if the user is offered the right to refuse it. This is a general rule when such devices are intended for a legitimate purpose, but the situation is different if the purpose is malicious and the intention is to harm a computer system or its user. These forms of malware are clearly banned by the e-Privacy Directive. As is generally the case with European Union directives, the choice of remedies, penalties and enforcement tools lies with the Member States. However, in February 2005, the 25 Member States went beyond the e-Privacy Directive by adopting the Framework Decision on illegal attacks against information systems. Under this Framework Decision, spyware-related activities involving illegal access and interference with information systems are punishable by criminal penalties of no less than one to three years' imprisonment, and of no less than two to five years' imprisonment when committed by organised crime. However, legislation is not enough on its own and may produce the expected results only if it is combined with other measures, such as complementary enforcement measures, industry cooperation, including standardisation research, and better user awareness. As far as enforcement measures are concerned, the EU has a contact network of spam authorities – CNSA that aims to ease enforcement cooperation between national authorities on spam and related issues. The last meeting of this network was mainly devoted to spyware, often spread via spam, and the challenge it represents for enforcement authorities and industry. Spam, spyware and adware are just examples of the many security threats that risk undermining the value of the internet and of electronic communications. The Commission is therefore planning to put forward a strategy for a secure information society that puts together various actions to make electronic communications networks safer from fraudsters, harmful content and technology failures, and to increase trust. Another big step towards improving internet security was taken by the Commission in 2004, when ENISA, the European Network and Information Security Agency, was established. This Agency has already hired its first members of staff and developed its work programme, and, in August 2005 – just a few days ago – it established itself in its headquarters in Heraklion, Greece, and will soon be fully operational. ENISA will help the Community, the Member States and, consequently, business communities to prevent, address and respond to major network and information security risks."@sl¹⁹ ". Cookies, reklamprogram och liknande typer av program regleras av artikel 5.3 i direktivet om integritet och elektrisk kommunikation. Enligt denna artikel är tillträde till en användares terminalutrustning, exempelvis persondator eller mobiltelefon, eller att lagra information på denna utrustning, endast tillåtet om användaren ges tydlig information om syftet med sådan verksamhet och om användaren erbjuds rätten att tacka nej. Detta är en generell regel när sådan utrustning har tagits fram för legitima ändamål, men situationen ser annorlunda ut om det är fråga om ont uppsåt och syftet är att skada ett datorsystem eller dess användare. Dessa former av program med ont uppsåt är klart och tydligt förbjudna enligt direktivet om integritet och elektronisk kommunikation. Precis som i andra EU-direktiv är det upp till medlemsstaterna att välja åtgärder, påföljder och genomförandeinstrument. I februari 2005 gick emellertid medlemsstaterna längre än direktivet om integritet och elektronisk kommunikation genom att anta ett rambeslut om olagliga angrepp mot informationssystem. Enligt rambeslutet utgör spionprogramrelaterad verksamhet som involverar olagligt intrång i och störning av informationssystem brott som kan straffas med minst ett till tre års fängelse, och minst två till fem års fängelse om brottet begås inom ramen för organiserad brottslighet. Bara lagstiftning räcker emellertid inte och kan endast ge de förväntade resultaten om den kombineras med andra åtgärder, exempelvis kompletterande genomförandeåtgärder, industrisamarbete, inklusive standardiseringsforskning, och ökad medvetenhet hos användarna. När det gäller att vidta åtgärder har EU ett kontaktnätverk av myndigheter som sysslar med skräppost – kommissionens grupp för tillsynsmyndigheter mot skräppost (CNSA). CNSA har som syfte att underlätta genomförandesamarbete mellan nationella myndigheter i skräppostfrågor och andra relaterade frågor. Det senaste mötet med detta nätverk ägnades huvudsakligen åt spionprogram, som oftast sprids via skräppost, och den utmaning dessa program representerar för tillsynsmyndigheterna och industrin. Skräppost, spionprogram och reklamprogram är bara några exempel på de många säkerhetshot som riskerar att urholka Internets och den elektroniska kommunikationens värde. Kommissionen planerar därför att lägga fram en strategi för ett säkert informationssamhälle, där olika åtgärder samlas för att göra elektroniska nätverk säkrare mot bedragare, skadligt innehåll och tekniska brister samt att öka förtroendet. Ett annat viktigt steg mot förbättrad säkerhet på Internet togs av kommissionen 2004 när ENISA, Europeiska byrån för nät- och informationssäkerhet, bildades. Byrån har redan anställt sin första personal och utarbetat ett arbetsprogram och i augusti 2005 – för bara några dagar sedan – flyttade den in i sitt huvudkontor i Heraklion i Grekland, och kommer snart att vara fullt operationell. ENISA kommer att hjälpa gemenskapen, medlemsstaterna och följaktligen näringslivet att uppmärksamma och ta itu med större nät- och informationssäkerhetsrisker."@sv²¹
lpv:unclassifiedMetadata	"Internet"¹² "Member of the Commission"^{5,19,15,1,18,14,16,11,11,13,4} "Spam"¹² "Spam, spyware"²⁰ "Viviane Reding,"^{5,19,15,1,18,14,16,11,13,4,20} "adware"^20,17,12 "antispam"¹² "cookies, adware y spyware"²⁰ "e-Privacy"¹⁰ "malware"^17,12 "miembro de la Comisión."²⁰ "privacy"¹² "spam"^17,12 "spyware"^17,12